German Politics refers to the political system, institutions, processes, and activities that govern the Federal Republic of Germany. It encompasses the structure of government, which includes the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, as well as political parties, elections, and public policy. The political landscape is characterized by a federal system, where power is shared between the national government and individual states (Bundesländer). Central political institutions include the Bundestag (the federal parliament), the Bundesrat (the council representing the states), and the government led by the Chancellor.
Political dynamics are shaped by a variety of parties, most notably the Christian Democratic Union (CDU), the Social Democratic Party (SPD), the Greens, the Free Democratic Party (FDP), and others. German politics is also influenced by its historical context, including the legacy of World War II, the division during the Cold War, and the reunification of East and West Germany. Issues such as European integration, immigration, environmental policy, and economic management play significant roles in contemporary political discourse. Overall, German Politics reflects a commitment to democratic principles, rule of law, and a social market economy.